The House must pass the measure first and then it will move to the Senate for a vote. Legislative action must be complete before the March 8 funding deadline that was set late last week to avoid a partial government shutdown. The legislation funds several agencies, including the Departments of Transportation, Veterans Affairs, Energy, Agriculture, Interior, and Housing and Urban Development, as well as the Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration.
Congress is expected to easily pass the funding package this week. But House Speaker Mike Johnson (R-La.) will have to circumvent a blockade from the far-right who will protest the amount of government spending and lack of policy wins on social issues like restrictions for abortion funds and keeping in check government mandates for LGBTQ rights and diversity policy. Johnson will have to pass the measure in a way that requires two-thirds of the House, requiring a significant number of Democrats for it to pass.
Congress still faces a March 22 deadline to secure funding for the rest of the government. Lawmakers must pass all 12 appropriations bills before April 30 to avoid one percent across-the-board cuts, a plan embraced by some in the ultraconservative House Freedom Caucus.
In a statement Sunday, Johnson sought to highlight the conservative portions of the funding bills, arguing that Republicans were able to impose “sharp cuts to agencies and programs critical to the President Biden’s agenda.”
Senate Majority Leader Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.), meanwhile, touted the package and urged quick action on it in the House, promising to bring it to the Senate floor as soon as it passes the lower chamber to avoid a partial shutdown.
A member of House Republican leadership, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to comment freely about the funding package, said that lawmakers are “still in the midst of significant negotiations in the second package.”
The six bills’ total is $40 billion less than what was allocated for the same departments during the last fiscal year, the GOP member noted. They touted the funding package as a victory by arguing that it is not a sprawling omnibus but rather a “robust” six-bill package that was developed over time with “more member engagement.”
“We were saying, ‘No omnibus,’” the Republican said, using the term used for one massive bill to fund the entire government. “The Senate was not going to get away with not doing anything and then just, you know, posting their bills online and having a negotiation from there.” Instead, Congress plans to use two packages to pass funding for the entire government.
Democrats successfully demanded that there be no cuts to the Women, Infant and Children food assistance program, something that Republicans wanted to slash.
“I said I would move mountains to fully fund WIC and that’s exactly what I did,” Sen. Patty Murray (D-Wash.), chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, said in a statement on Sunday. “I’m glad that the millions of moms and babies who rely on this program won’t have to suffer the stress and harm of losing access to the lifesaving nutritional support.”
House Republicans, meanwhile, touted provisions in the bill that will cut spending to the Environmental Protection Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.
They particularly zeroed in on the six percent cut to the FBI, with the member of House GOP leadership saying this was done in part because members of the conference are “significantly upset about the FBI being weaponized” against parents who criticize their local school board officials, an elaborate theory right-wing Republicans have spread despite dubious evidence.
The package also increases funds to the Drug Enforcement Administration and secures additional funding for efforts to combat the trade of fentanyl. Additionally, the package fully funds veterans’ health care and benefits.
Democratic leadership welcomed the six measures on Sunday.
Rep. Rosa DeLauro (D-Conn.), the top Democrat in the House Appropriations Committee, said in a statement Sunday that she was “pleased” to see Democrats and Republicans in the House and Senate work to produce bipartisan measures that will keep the government open.
“I am grateful that each of these bills rejects many of the extreme cuts and policies proposed by House Republicans and protects the great strides we made over the last two years to reverse the underinvestment in domestic programs that Americans depend on,” DeLauro said. “I urge swift passage of this package and look forward to releasing the remaining 2024 funding bills.”
Appropriations leaders on both parties also emphasized the bipartisan nature of the bills. Murray said the package “was a negotiation” and that “Democrats worked under really tough fiscal constraints that I never agreed with, but for months, I’ve made clear we can in fact fund our government if we just work together in a reasonable, bipartisan way.”
Sen. Susan Collins (R-Maine), the top Republican in the Senate Appropriations Committee, said in a statement that members of the committee “in both chambers have worked very hard to reach agreements on the bill text unveiled today.”
“I look forward to working with Chair Murray and our colleagues to bring this legislation to the Senate floor for a vote without any further delay,” she said.
Congress was supposed to have several appropriations, or spending bills for the rest of the fiscal year, ready to pass by the end of last week. Instead, bickering over policy demands pushed the federal government to the brink of a shutdown again, necessitating another stopgap spending bill — the third since September — to buy more time.
The measure announced Sunday brings pushes Congress closer to finalizing a lengthy government process that was supposed to be far less fraught. Biden and then-Speaker Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) last spring agreed to constrain federal spending for the 2024 fiscal year, which began Oct. 1 and ends Sept. 30, in exchange for suspending the debt limit.
But far-right lawmakers in the House grew furious with McCarthy for not extracting deeper spending cuts, and they ultimately ousted him from the speakership. Republicans elected Johnson as his replacement in late October, and the Louisianian has struggled to navigate spending debates ever since.
Leigh Ann Caldwell and Daniel Gilbert contributed to this report.
